Geography as a subject is the core to know about our own living and surviving. Mathematics and advance science knowledge seems so disconnected when we leave this part of the study thinking geography is just a subject. I consider that to know our beginning and possibility of our end with possibility that how can we delay the end is the respect that we can put up to our study about us. We as the most sensible and conscious creature present in the earth, are avoiding this opportunity to save and take the learnings to our future generation, basically aim is to ingrain the knowledge into our DNA, as that future generation have the knowledge and consciousness to protect our surroundings. Lack knowledge and consciousness in using nature’s given thing is creating a self sustaining model. below are few of the principles to go thought the details of it.
Tetrahedral Theory-
The tetrahedral hypothesis is an obsolete scientific theory attempting to explain the arrangement of the Earth’s continents and oceans by referring to the geometry of a T. Although tetrahedron it was a historically interesting theory in the late 19th and early 20th century, it was superseded by the concepts of continental drift and modern plate tectonics.
It attempted to explain apparent anomalies in the distribution of land and water on the Earth’s surface:
· More than 75% of the Earth’s land area is in the northern hemisphere.
· Continents are roughly triangular.
· Oceans are roughly triangular.
· The north pole is surrounded by water, the south pole by land.
· Exactly opposite the Earth from land is almost always water.
· The Pacific Ocean occupies about one third of the Earth’s surface.
Geomorphic cycle –
Geomorphic cycle, also called geographic cycle, or cycle of erosion, theory of the evolution of landforms. landforms were assumed to change through time from “youth” to “maturity” to “old age,” each stage having specific characteristics. The initial, or youthful, stage of landform development began with uplift that produced fold or block mountains. Upon dissection by streams, the area would reach maturity and, ultimately, would be reduced to an old-age surface called a peneplain, with an elevation near sea level. The cycle could be interrupted by uplift during any period of the life cycle and thus returned to the youthful stage; this return is called rejuvenation. The geomorphic cycle could be applied to all landforms such as hillslopes, valleys, mountains, and river drainage systems. It was assumed that, if the stage of a landform was known, its history followed directly according to a predetermined framework.
Theory of Geosyncline-
The geosynclinal process is the process of formation of the granitic metamorphic layer, leading to transformation of the oceanic crust into a continental crust. This process is realized within the geosynclines and is a reflection of the differentiation of matter within the earth’s upper mantle.
The geosynclinal theory deals only with the geosynclinal stage of the earth’s crust development. The important principles of the theory are:
· The presence of the geosyncline (geosynclinal system);
· Mobility;
· The inner sources of geosynclinal deposits;
· Large gradients of the deposit of thickness variation;
· Folding (orogeny); and
· Increment to continent (consolidation).
